Etihad Law

Classification of Foreign Exchange Companies in Iraq

The Central Bank of Iraq classifies FX companies into categories based on their authorized activities, operational scale, and compliance standards. Classification determines what services the company may perform, required capital levels, reporting obligations, and supervisory intensity.

For investors, correct classification is critical to ensure their intended business model aligns with regulatory permissions.

Typical classification factors include:

  • Capital amount and financial strength
  • Nature of services offered (exchange only vs. remittance vs. multi-service)
  • Geographic outreach and number of branches
  • Compliance and internal control maturity
  • Technology and operational systems

Documentation required for classification or reclassification:

  • Financial statements
  • Capital and reserve documentation
  • Organizational structure
  • Compliance and AML frameworks
  • Operating policies and procedures

CBI compliance expectations

  • Maintain classification requirements on an ongoing basis
  • Upgrade compliance controls when expanding services
  • Report structural changes to CBI
  • Undergo inspection and performance reviews
  • Maintain capital adequacy at the required level

How Etihad Can Assist

Etihad provides legal and regulatory advisory services to banks, financial institutions, and businesses, supporting compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and regulatory guidance issued by any competent authorities.